by Canavese, C. et al.
Nephrology and Transplantation, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, and International Research Centre Autoimmune Diseases, Amedeo Avogadro University, Italy
Nephrology and Transplantation, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, and International Research Centre Autoimmune Diseases, Amedeo Avogadro University, Italy
The challenge for nephrologists includes (a) evidence of transmetallation, such as gadolinium deposits in bone, increased urinary zinc excretion, iron-transferrin dissociation or "spurious hypocalcemia" in exposed people; (b) research for uremic cofactors such as increased serum calcium/phosphate, acidosis, use of phosphate-chelating agents able to act as efficient competitor ligands or other drugs; and (c) identification of at-risk patients (with moderate to severe renal dysfunction) and definition of the role of dialysis in removing gadolinium chelates, if any.
J. Nephrol. 2008; 3:324-36
